Linux Centos6.5安装python3 | 每天，遇到更好的你

准备编译环境(环境如果不对的话，可能遇到各种问题，比如wget无法下载https链接的文件)

1	[root@sparsematrix ~]# yum install zlib-devel bzip2-devel openssl-devel ncurese-devel -y

下载Python3.5代码包

1	[root@sparsematrix ~]# wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.5.2/Python-3.5.2.tar.xz

编译

xz -d Python-3.5.2.tar.xz
tar -xvf Python-3.5.2.tar
cd Python-3.5.2
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/python3
make && make install

设置环境变量

1	echo 'export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/python3/bin' >> ~/.bashrc

直接替换python2

1 2	rm -rf /usr/bin/python ln -sv /usr/local/python3/bin/python3.5 /usr/bin/python

ll /usr/bin | grep python

这时/usr/bin目录下面是包含以下几个文件的（ll |grep python）

其中有个python2.7，只需要指定yum配置的python指向这里即可

[root@sparsematrix ~]# ll /usr/bin | grep python
lrwxrwxrwx.   1 root root          32 Jul 31 11:26 python -> /usr/local/python3/bin/python3.5
lrwxrwxrwx.   1 root root           9 Feb 24 10:59 python2 -> python2.7
-rwxr-xr-x.   1 root root        7136 Nov 20  2015 python2.7

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[root@sparsematrix ~]# vim /usr/bin/yum
# 通过vim修改yum的配置
#!/usr/bin/python 改为#!/usr/bin/python2.7，保存退出。

安装setuptools包

1	wget http://pypi.python.org/packages/source/s/setuptools/setuptools-2.0.tar.gz

解压setuptools包

1 2	[root@sparsematrix ~]# tar zxvf setuptools-2.0.tar.gz [root@sparsematrix ~]# cd setuptools-2.0

编译setuptools

1	[root@sparsematrix setuptools-2.0]# python setup.py build

执行setuptools安装

1	[root@sparsematrix setuptools-2.0]# python setup.py install

Linux上安装pip包管理器

下载压缩文件

1	[root@sparsematrix ~]# wget https://pypi.python.org/packages/source/p/pip/pip-1.5.4.tar.gz

pip包管理器安装

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[root@sparsematrix ~]# tar -zxvf pip-1.5.4.tar.gz
[root@sparsematrix ~]# cd pip-1.5.4
[root@sparsematrix pip-1.5.4]# python setup.py install

建立软连接

1	ln -sv /usr/local/python3/bin/pip /usr/bin/pip

pip查看安装的包

1	[root@sparsematrix pip-1.5.4]# pip3 list

[root@sparsematrix ~]# pip install –upgrade pip
pip install –upgrade setuptools
[root@sparsematrix ~]# pip3 install appdirs –upgrade

安装numpy

1	[root@sparsematrix ~]# pip3 install -i https://pypi.douban.com/simple/ numpy

安装matplotlib

1	[root@sparsematrix ~]# pip3 install -i https://pypi.douban.com/simple/ matplotlib

安装Jupyter

1	[root@sparsematrix ~]# pip3 install -i https://pypi.douban.com/simple/ jupyter